青少年特发性脊柱侧凸支具治疗研究分析

Research and analysis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by using orthosis

[目的]探讨胸腰骶支具治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的临床疗效,为开展青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的筛查和临床治疗提供参考依据。[方法]对2004年10月-2012年2月在云南部分地区筛查中确诊为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的132例患者进行Lenke分型,并予胸腰骶支具治疗,比较治疗前后Cobb角。[结果]Lenke1型治疗前后Cobb角平均减小9°,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Lenke3型治疗前后胸弯Cobb角平均减小5.2°,胸腰弯Cobb角平均减小6.4°,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Lenke5型治疗前后Cobb角平均减小12.7°,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Lenke6型治疗前后胸弯Cobb角平均减小2.0°,胸腰弯Cobb角平均减小6.8°,差异没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。[结论]12-16岁是青少年特发性脊柱侧凸重点普查对象,胸腰骶支具对减缓或阻止Lenke1型、Lenke3型和Lenke5型畸形具有显著作用,而对Lenke6型没有明显效果,支具治疗对阻止或减缓病情发展不受年龄、性别和分型的影响。

[ Objective] To investigate the clinical efficacy of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by using thoracolumbosacral orthosis, to provide reference for screening in screening and clinical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. [ Methods ] 132 cases were screened and diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and patients were typed with Lenke, and treated by using thoracolumbosacral orthosis, the Cobb angle were compared of before and after treatment. [ Results ] The average Cobb angle decreased by 9 degree in type Lenkel before and after treatment, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , the average thoracic Cobb angle decreased 5.2 degree and the average thoracolumbar Cobb angle decreased by 6. 4 degree in type Lenke3 before and after treatment, the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, the average Cobb angle decreased by 12. 7 degree in type Lenke5 before and after treatment, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0. 05 ） , the average thoracic Cobb angle decreased by 2. 0 degree and the average thoracolumbar Cobb angle decreased by 6. 8 degree in type Lenke6 before and after treatment, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉0. 05） . [ Conclusion] The age from 12 to 16 is focus screening object for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, thoracolumbosacral orthosis has remarkable effect to slow or stop type Lenkel, type Lenke3 and type Lenke5 malformation, and orthosis treatment to prevent or slow the progression of the disease is not affected by age, gender and type.