狄诺塞麦(Denosumab)治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

Denosumab: a review of its use in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

(osteoporosis,OP)是一种多病因的全身性骨骼疾病,它是指以骨量降低、骨组织微细结构退变导致骨强度下降、骨脆性增加及骨折危险性增大为特征的代谢性疾病。随着人类寿命的延长和社会老龄化的发展,骨质疏松所导致的骨折在大大增加老年人病残率和病死率的同时,明显加重了社会公共卫生的经济负担,成为更加严重的世界性公共健康问题。狄诺塞麦(Denosumab)是目前用于治疗绝经期骨质疏松的第一种单克隆抗体药物。它能与细胞核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)结合,通过抑制破骨细胞的产生、功能和存活,减少骨吸收达到治疗作用。狄诺塞麦有希望成为治疗骨质疏松的新选择。本文就狄诺塞麦的药理学特性、生物学作用机制及临床相关研究等方面进行综述。

Osteoporosis, the most common bone disorder affecting humans, is a progressive, asymptomatic skeletal dis- ease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, resulting in a loss of bone strength, in- creased bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporotic fractures typically occur at the hip, forearm and vertebrae, with hip and clinical vertebral fractures particularly associated with high morbidity and mortality and posing considerable econom- ic burdens on heahhcare systems worldwide. Denosumab, a novel antiresorptive treatment, is a fully human recombinant mono- clonal antibody that binds to the receptor activator of nuclear factorκB （RANK） ligand （RANKL）, and thereby inhibits bone resorption. There is a promise for denosumab to be a new option in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. This article reviews the pharmacological properties, biological mechanism and related clinical research of denosumab in the treatment of postmenopa- usal women with osteoporosis.