纯电动轿车驱动电机的选型分析

Analysis on Drive Motor Selection for Electric Passenger Car

电机驱动系统是纯电动轿车的核心部件。纯电动轿车用电机与传统电机相比,工作状态与环境都更加复杂,它要求一个电机既作为电动机提供动力,又能作为发电机进行能量回收,还要求电机系统具有高的功率密度、宽的高效工作区;同时具有抗振、低噪声、可靠性好及价格低等特点,所以纯电动轿车驱动电机的选型是极其重要的。文章主要介绍了纯电动轿车对驱动电机的性能需求,分析了各种驱动电机的性能特点,得出了永磁电机、开关磁阻电机更能符合纯电动轿车对驱动电机的需求。结合目前市场、车展上纯电动轿车使用电机的型式进行了实证研究。最后分析了纯电动轿车用驱动电机的发展趋势。

Motor drive system is the core component of electric car. Compared with the traditional motor, the environment of electric car motor is more complex. It requires both as a generator to provide power, and can be used as motor for energy recovery. And it requires a high power density, wide efficient workspace, and with resistance to vibration, low noise, good reliability, low price, so that electric car drive motor selection is extremely important. This paper mainly introduces electric car performance requirements for drive motor, analyzes the performance characteristics of different drive motor, and it is found that two kinds of motors（permanent magnet motor and switched reluctance motor） suit electric car more. Then, the paper conducts empirical research combined with electric car motor types in the current market and the motor show. Finally this paper analyzes the development trend of electric car drive motor.