俄罗斯科研创新发展分析

Analysis of Scientific Research Innovation Development in Russia

从研发投入、研发机构和研发人员等角度分析了俄罗斯创新发展态势,结果显示:俄罗斯研发经费主要依靠国家支持,其它资金来源缺乏活力,研发机构以及研发人员数量呈下降趋势,不利于科研创新的可持续发展。俄罗斯政府为有效刺激国内创新需求,营造良好的创新环境,采取了一系列措施,并确定了16项科学优先发展方向,这将促使俄罗斯提高现有科研基础设施的利用效率,为创新发展奠定良好的基础。然而,优化国家创新体系不是一朝一夕可以实现的,俄罗斯创新发展之路仍然任重道远。

Innovation development trend in Russia is analyzed in the following aspects： RD expenditure,RD institutions,RD individuals and etc. Russian RD expenditure is mainly supported by state,while other resources of expenditure are lack of vitality. It is not conducive to the sustainable development of scientific innovation that the number of RD institutions and individuals are having a downward trend. Russian government has adopted measures to effectively stimulate domestic demand and create a positive environment for innovation. 16 science and technology priorities are confirmed by Russian government,prompting more valid use of the existing research equipment,laying the good foundation for innovation development. However,optimization of national innovation system is not easy to be achieved,Russian innovation development still has a long way to go.