晚宋士大夫变节之风述论

On Tendency of Shidafu's Making a Political Recantation Betray in Late Song Dynasty

士大夫是宋朝统治的基础,士风是宋史研究的重要内容之一。晚宋时期的变节之风是士风的一个重要内容,它有诸多表现。一大批士大夫在国难当头之际,或临难脱逃,或在宋亡前投降蒙元,或在宋亡后变节仕元。晚宋士大夫变节之风形成的原因,主要为穷奢极欲,志于享乐;贪恋权势,志于爵禄;理学的负面影响;而最根本原因即为晚宋士大夫普遍性的道德沦丧。士大夫变节之风严重危害了晚宋政局,加速了南宋的覆灭,还对元朝的重吏贱儒政策产生了重大影响。

Scholar＇ s tendency is an important field in historical research. The tendency of Shidafu＇ s making a political recantation betray is an important of scholar＇ s tendency in late Song Dynasty. After analysing sorts of this practice, we point out that it was universal existence and the cause is the degeneration of Shidafu＇ s morality. This dishonest practice brought about serious problems to the political situation of late Song Dynasty, and had an important effect on formulating the policies of valueing official and neglecting scholar in Yuan Dynasty.