2014年兰州市疾病预防控制中心水质检测能力调查及对策研究

Investigation of the water quality detection ability of different level CDCs and study on its strategy of Lanzhou in 2014

目的了解兰州市各级疾病预防控制中心(CDC)水质检测能力及存在的问题。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取兰州市及其区、县共9个CDC进行水质检测并对存在的问题进行专项调查。结果 9个CDC常规指标平均检测能力为26项,常规指标为中级水平,非常规指标和全项指标均为低级水平,兰州市的检测水平高于区、县(P<0.01);常规指标和非常规指标的计量认证率分别为61.1%和13.5%,兰州市认证水平高于区、县(P<0.01);导致兰州市部分非常规项目无法检测的原因为无标准品(58.3%)和无仪器(41.7%);导致区、县部分常规项目无法检测的原因包括缺乏技术人员(41.1%)、无仪器(34.3%)、无标准品(24.1%)和无试剂(0.5%),非常规项目不能检测的原因包括无仪器(39.6%)、缺乏技术人员(34.8%)和无标准品(24.6%)。结论兰州市各级CDC水质检测能力较薄弱,尤其是区、县的差距还比较大,实验室建设能力低下是主要原因。

Objective To understand the water quality detection ability and existing problems at different level center for dis- ease prevention and control（CDC） in Lanzhou. Methods 9 CDC, which included Lanzhou CDC and county CDC, were se- lected by random cluster sampling. The water quality detection ability and existing problems were investigated specially. Results The average detection ability of 9 CDC was 26 items. The detection ability was at intermediate level for conventional terms, while all were at low levels for both unconventional terms and all terms. The detection ability was higher in Lanzhou CDC compared with county CDC （ P 〈0.01 ）. The accreditation rate of conventional terms and unconventional terms were 61.1% and 13.5%, respectively. The accreditation rate was higher in Lanzhou CDC compared with county CDC （P 〈 0.01 ）. The reasons, which partial unconventional terms can not be detected in Lanzhou CDC, were lack of standard substance （58.3%） and appara- tus （41.7%） in Lanzhou CDC. The causes, which partial conventional terms can not be detected in county CDC, were lack of technician （41.1%） , apparatus （34.3%） , standard substance （24.1%） and reagent （0.5%） in county CDC; while were lack of apparatus （ 39.6% ）, technician （ 34.8% ） and standard substance （24. 6% ） for unconventional terms. Conclu- sion The water quality detection was weak at different levels CDC in Lanzhou, especially in county CDC. The major reason may be related to low laboratory construction.