外胚层发育不良儿童义齿修复后咀嚼功能及生命质量评价

Masticatory performance and assessment of life quality of children with ectodermal dysplasia after prosthetic rehabilitation

目的 评价外胚层发育不良（ectodermal dysplasia,ED）儿童义齿修复后咀嚼功能及生命质量.方法 测量6例ED儿童义齿修复后（ED组）及18例健康儿童（健康对照组）咬肌、颞肌前束大力紧咬及咀嚼时肌电图;吸光度法测量咀嚼效率;问卷调查咀嚼功能得分.结果 ED组咀嚼时咬肌、颞肌前束肌电幅值分别为健康对照组的41.7％、45.6％,肌电积分值为健康对照组的35.9％、36.0％;咀嚼肌总体不对称指数及咬肌/颞肌前束活动指数咀嚼时两组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.ED组咀嚼效率为健康对照组的67.2％.ED组义齿修复后咀嚼功能得分比自身不戴义齿时提高3倍,与健康对照组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 早期义齿修复能明显提高ED患者咀嚼功能及生命质量.

Objective To evaluate masticatory performance and life quality of children with ectodermal dysplasia（ED） after prosthetic rehabilitation.Methods Six children with ED received denture restoration and 18 healthy children were involved in this study.The surface electromyography（EMG） of masseter（MM） and anterior temporalis（TA） during clenching and chewing movement were recorded.The EMG amplitude,area,asymmetry index of total and activity index of MM/TA were compared at each stage.The masticatory efficiency was measured with spectrophotometer.The life quality was assessed using visual analogue scale questionnaire.Results The EMG amplitude of MM and TA during chewing in ED Group were 41.7% and 45.6% of the control group respectively,the area were 35.9% and 36.0% respectively.Significant difference in asymmetry index of total during clenching was observed between the two groups （P〈0.05） but not during chewing（P〉0.05）.The differences of activity index of MM/TA during clenching and chewing between the two groups were not detected（P〉0.05）.The masticatory efficiency of ED group was 67.2% of the control group.The score of chewing function in children with ED after prosthetic rehabilitation was three times higher than before,and no difference was present between the two groups （P〉0.05）.Conclusions Early prosthetic rehabilitation can significantly improve the masticatory performance and life quality of children with ED.