251例老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律异常分析

Analyse of the Abnormal Blood Pressure on Diurnal Rhythm in 251 Elderly Patients with Hypertension

目的：探讨老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律异常的特点。方法：将老年高血压患者251例按年龄段分为老年1组（60~69岁,n=50）、老年2组（70~79岁,n=88）和老年3组（≥80岁,n=113）,分析3组患者动态血压参数、动态血压昼夜节律异常发生率。结果：3组患者动态血压参数,夜间平均收缩压（n SBP）老年3组高于老年1组（P〈0.01）,24 h平均舒张压（24h DBP）老年3组和老年2组均低于老年1组（P〈0.01）,白天平均舒张压（d DBP）老年3组和老年2组均低于老年1组（P〈0.01和P〈0.05）。3组的血压昼夜节律异常率分别为78.00%、89.78%和92.04%。血压昼夜节律异常率老年3组显著高于老年1组（P〈0.05）。表明随增龄变化,老年高血压患者昼夜节律异常率增高。结论：老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律异常多数表现为非杓型和反杓型血压,并随增龄变化老年高血压患者昼夜节律异常率增高。

Objective： To investigate the characteristic of the abnormal blood pressure on diurnal rhythm in the elderly hypertensive patients. Methods： 251 patients were divided in to three groups according to their ages： Group 1（ aged from 60 to69,n = 50）,Group 2（ aged from 70 to 79,n = 88）,Group 3（ aged≥80,n = 113）. The parameters and incidence of abnormal blood pressure on diurnal rhythm were analysed in the three groups. Results： The average systolic pressure in the night（ n SBP） in Group3 was higher than that in Group 1（ P〈0. 01）; 24- hour average diastolic pressure（ 24 h DBP） was lower in the Group 3（ P〈0. 01） and Group 2（ P〈0. 01） than in Group1; The average diastolic pressure in the daytime（ d DBP） was lower in Group 3（ P〈0. 01） and Group 2（ P〈0. 05） than in Group 1. The rate of abnormal blood pressure on diurnal rhythm was 78. 00%（ Group1）,89. 78%（ Group 2）,92. 04%（ Group 3） respectively; and it was remarkable difference between Group1 and Group 3（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Non-dipper and reverse dipper blood pressure is more commonly existed in the elderly hypertension. Abnormal rate of blood pressure on diurnal rhythm is variational along with age.