糖尿病对大鼠牙齿磨耗影响研究

Effect of diabetes mellitus on tooth wear in rat molars

目的研究糖尿病对大鼠牙齿磨耗程度的影响。方法本研究于2013年4—5月在沈阳药科大学动物实验中心和中国医科大学实验设备处进行。将6~8周SD大鼠20只,随机分为2组：糖尿病组与对照组,每组10只。糖尿病组采用腹腔一次性注射链脲佐菌素方法建立大鼠糖尿病模型。两组大鼠相同条件下饲养,8周后处死后取上下颌骨,水浴干燥后体式显微镜下观察大鼠磨牙磨耗情况,数字显微成像仪相同观察条件下采集图像,观察牙齿磨损情况。采用图像分析软件测量每个磨牙各个牙尖的高度,即沿牙尖至对应牙根的牙体长轴上牙尖至釉牙骨质界的长度,对两组结果进行统计学分析。结果形态学观察可见糖尿病大鼠牙本质暴露面积更大,牙尖高度有所降低,第三磨牙更为显著,牙尖相对尖锐陡峭。牙尖高度测量结果显示糖尿病组较对照组磨牙牙尖高度有所降低,相对而言上颌第三磨牙与下颌第一磨牙降低更为明显,上颌牙舌尖与下颌牙颊尖降低更为明显（P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病大鼠在相同饮食条件下,牙齿磨耗较正常大鼠更为明显,糖尿病可促进大鼠牙齿磨耗。

Objective To study the effect of diabetes mellitus on tooth wear in rat molars.Methods Twenty SD rats of6 ~ 8 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups,the diabetes mellitus group and health group. The rats of diabetes mellitus group were given one-time abdominal streptozocin（STZ）injection to establish the diabetes mellitus animal model.The rats of both groups were raised for 8 weeks under the same condition. Rats were killed and then maxillary and mandible bones were taken. The degree of tooth wear of the rat molars was observed under stereo microscope. The height of tooth cusp was measured and compared between the diabetes mellitus rats and health rats. The results were anlalyzed by statistical method.ResultsMorphological observation showed that the exposure dentin area of diabetic rats was larger,the tooth cusp height decreased,especially the third molar,and the tooth cusp was relatively sharp and steep. Tooth cusp height measurement results showed that the height of diabetes mellitus group decreased. Maxillary third molars and mandibular first molar showed more obvious reduction,and the height of lingual cusp of maxillary teeth and buccal cusp of mandibular teeth decreased more obviously（P〈0.05）.Conclusion For diabetic rats under the condition of the same diet,tooth abrasion is more distinct than normal rats. Diabetes mellitus may promote the tooth wear of rat molar.