体验取样法在情绪研究中的应用优势

The Application of Experience Sampling Method and its Advantages in Emotion Regulation Research

情绪研究的难题在于其具有动态变化性、情境依存性和个体差异性三大特征,这亟需研究者在对情绪及其相关变量测查时做特别的考量,而传统的情绪研究方法在这些方面存在欠缺。在这种情况下,体验取样法在情绪研究中具有得天独厚的优势:首先,它可以在一定时间跨度内对情绪事件进行即时、连续、重复地测量,降低了潜在记忆偏差和个人偏好的影响;其次,它把情绪事件置于真实的社会环境中,增强了研究的生态效度;另外,它丰富庞大的数据采集量能够从多水平、多角度、多变量分析个体情绪的整个变化过程。随着情绪研究的不断深入,体验取样法将会得到越来越多的运用。

The present review aims to introduce the role and implication of Experience Sampling Method （ESM） in the studies of emotion regulation. Dynamic nature of emotion and emotion development, naturalis- tic emotion-evoked situation, and various contributions of emotion development require researchers to make further methodological considerations when conducting emotion and emotion development studies. ESM takes advantages in emotion regulation research for several reasons： firstly, continuous and repeated assessment of momentary emotional events and relevant variables at regular frequent intervals throughout a relatively long pe- riod make it less susceptible to memory bias and implicit emotional attitude; secondly, experience sampling method puts emotional events in real social settings, thus improving the ecological validity of the study; third- ly, researchers could conduct multilevel and multivariate statistical analysis of massive sampling data and fruitful information by using ESM. In conclusion, ESM will be used more and more with further studies of e- motion and emotion regulation.