基于流感病毒血凝素的通用流感疫苗研究进展

Progress in research of universal influenza vaccine based on hemagglutinin

目前使用的流感疫苗都是针对现行流行株设计的，因此难以有效应对病毒快速变异出现的新病毒株，而开发能同时抵抗多个流感病毒株感染的具有交叉保护作用的通用疫苗是今后流感疫苗研发的趋势。随着对流感病毒研究的深入，人们发现将传统认为具有高度变异性的流感病毒血凝素蛋白合理设计成疫苗靶抗原，也可以在一定程度上起到抗多个流感病毒株感染的保护作用，这表明流感病毒血凝素也具有作为通用流感疫苗候选抗原的潜力。此文对近年来基于血凝素构建的通用流感疫苗的研究进行综述。

At present, influenza vaccines are designed for the circulating strains, so it is difficult to effectively respond to new strains due to the rapid variation of influenza virus. The future development trend of influenza vaccine is a universal influenza vaccine which can prevent a variety of influenza virus infections. With the research in-depth on influenza viruses, hemagglutinin with high variability can be designed as a target antigen to develop such a vaccine that can, to a certain extent, protect against various influenza virus strains, which indicates that hemagglutinin will be a candidate antigen for a universal influenza vaccine. Therefore, in this paper, the recent studies on the universal influenza vaccine related to hemagglutinin are reviewed.