青少年校园体育伤害争端如何适用法律?——(2011)宝少民初字第113号民事判决书解析

How to Apply Legal Rules in the Dispute of Campus Sports Injury of Adolescence:Interpretation of Sentence No.113 in Baoshan Court in 2011

推动学校体育工作,法学的审视至关重要。对(2011)宝少民初字第113号民事判决书的解读显示,如果青少年体育伤害事故发生在课外,学校由于不负安全保障义务,将既不承担责任,亦不需分担损失。囿于校园体育活动的特殊性,在加害人之行为不符合侵权责任之构成要件时,仍需根据《侵权责任法》第24条的规定,适用无过错责任的一般条款,分担受害方一定损失。通过对判决书适用法律的解释论分析,可以发现,自甘风险规则不能在我国法中作为阻却侵权责任违法性的抗辩事由使用,而只能用以证明侵害方不具有过错。

Legal research plays a significant role in promoting the work of campus sports. The analysis of Sentence No. 113 in Baos- ban Court in 2011 showed that the school is not liable because of the lack of fault. The act of the defendant also does not fit the con- stitution of tort. But because of the special nature of campus sports, according to Article 24 of Tort Law, the defendant should have a share of the loss the victim suffers with the theory of the general rule of liability without fault principle. The analysis of the sen- tence also proves that the assumption of risk cannot be used as the immunity for liability of tort and only be used as evidence that the defendant has no fault.