昆虫蛋白营养特性及其在水产饲料中的应用

The nutrient characteristics of insect protein and its application in aquatic feed

昆虫繁殖快、数量多、生长周期短、易于低成本养殖、具有较高的营养价值和独特的生理作用等优点,是一种可持续利用的生物蛋白资源。其富含蛋白质、油脂,较多的矿物质、维生素以及无氮浸出物,还含有未知的促生长因子,已引起了人们的广泛关注。文章综述了昆虫营养特性及其生物活性,其在水产饲料上的研究新进展及应用展望,并初步阐述了昆虫蛋白在实际生产、加工、蛋白原料应用和推广等方面所面临的问题,以期为缓解水产业所面临的鱼粉等蛋白资源短缺的局面提供参考。

Insects are good protein resources for aquafeed, which include so many advantages, includ- ing breeding quickly, large numbers, short growth cycle, low cost for cultivation, higher nutritional val- ue and special physiological roles. Insects are rich in protein and lipid, contain many kinds of miner- als, vitamins and nitrogen-free extract, and unknown growth factors, which have been concerned wide- ly by people. Therefore, this paper summarizes the nutrient characteristics and biological activity of some insects, and its new research, aquatic application, and it preliminarily describes the existing the problems in social producting, machining, protein source application and spreading. We wish the re- search is helpful for solving the shortage of fish protein.