群众教育的需要和自愿原则——基于抗战时期陕甘宁边区社会教育的考察

The Principles of Being in Need and Volunteering for Masses' Ideological and Political Education: A Study of Social Education in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Areas during the Anti- Japanese War

审视社会教育中需要与自愿原则发展的历史进程,以教育组织形式和教育内容为主体视角,从正反两面梳理此原则的实践效能可以看出:贯彻和实施了需要与自愿原则是社会教育取得成功的关键原因之一。在当下改革攻坚的关键时期,要实效开展群众教育活动,动员群众完成历史使命,必须继承、贯彻和弘扬社会教育中的需要与自愿原则。

The paper surveys the historical development process of the principle of ＂being in need and volunteering＂ in social education, focuses on the educational organization form and educational content, and analyzes the practical effect of the principle from both positive and negative sides. It shows that implementation of the principle of ＂being in need and volunteering＂ is one of the key reasons for the success of social educa- tion. In the current crucial period of further reform in difficult areas, it is necessary to carry on implementing and developing the principle of ＂being in need and volunteering＂, in order to effectively launch masses＇ edu- cation campaign and mobilize the masses to accomplish the historical mission.