澳洲茶树树渣栽培平菇的营养与安全性评价

Nutrition and safety assessments of Pleurotus ostreatus cultured with tea tree residues

对澳洲茶树(互叶白千层)树渣栽培的平菇子实体进行营养和安全性评价。结果显示,澳洲茶树平菇的粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪和灰分含量分别为37.0%、10.5%、1.2%和6.1%,氨基酸总量高于文献对照组。蛋白质营养评价表明,澳洲茶树平菇的氨基酸能满足人体基本需要;微量元素中铜、铁与锌的比值较为合理;重金属汞、铅、砷、镉的含量均符合绿色食品——食用菌(NY/T 749-2012)的卫生指标要求;急性经口毒性试验证明,澳洲茶树平菇为无毒级食品。

The nutritional components and the safety of Pleurotus ostreatus （oyster mushroom） cultured with tea tree （Melaleuca alternifolia） residues were evaluated. The results showed that the content of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and ash of the oyster mushroom was 37.0% , 10.5% , 1. 2% and 6.1% , respectively. The content of total amino acids was higher than those in the control groups from the references. The evaluation of nutritional value of protein showed that amino acids of the oyster mushrooms cultured with tea tree could meet the basic human needs. The trace elements ratios of zinc to copper and zinc to iron were in the appropriate range respectively. The contents of mercury, lead, arsenic and cadmium were conformed to the green food standards--edible mushrooms （NY/T 749 - 2012）. The acute oral toxicity test indicated that the oyster mushroom cultured with tea tree residues was non-toxic food. The results showed that the tea tree residues were the excellent materials to cultivate oyster mushroom. They are worthy of popularization and application.