农村社会分层与扩大农村消费

Social Stratification and Expansion of Rural Consumption

随着农村改革的不断深化,过去同质化的农民逐渐分化为职业不同、利益不同、要求和欲望不同的社会阶层。对不同收入阶层农户边际消费倾向及消费结构的理论和实证研究表明:农村低收入者收入水平较低且增长缓慢,虽然消费欲望较强但消费能力有限;农村高收入者大多满足于现有的消费水平,因而边际消费倾向较低,对扩大农村消费的作用有限;而农村中等收入者有较高的边际消费倾向和较强的消费能力,加上其消费行为对庞大的农村低收入者具有明显的示范效应,因而是扩大农村消费的主力军和中坚力量。

With the deepening of rural reform, the past homogenized mass of farmers has gradually di- vided into social classes with different occupations, interests, demands and desires. The theoretical and empirical researches on the marginal consuming propensity and consuming structure of the farmers at different income levels show： the low-income class has a strong desire to consume but has limited consumption ability; the high-income class, satisfied with their current level of consumption, has a low marginal consuming propensity, making thus a limited contribution to the expansion of rural con- sumption; the middle-income class has a higher marginal consuming propensity and a relatively strong consumption ability and, with a further consideration of their role model effect for the low-income people, the middle-income class should be taken as the main force in stimulating rural consumption.