北京市平谷区2011-2013年流行性腮腺炎流行病学分析

Mumps epidemiological characteristics analysis of Pinggu district in Beijing city during 2011-2013

目的了解北京市平谷区2011-2013年流行性腮腺炎（简称流腮）流行病学特征,掌握目前流腮流行状况,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对病例资料进行统计分析。结果 2011-2013年全区共报告流腮病例364例,平均罹患率为29.165/10万。全年均有发病,7月发病较多,占全年病例总数的26.89%;男性报告发病数高于女性;以4~12岁组和13~18年龄组儿童和中小学发病为主;农村发病高于城区;在发病病例中有流腮疫苗或麻风腮疫苗（（Measles,mumps and rubella vaccine,MMR）免疫史的232例（占63.74%）,无免疫史的61例（占16.76%）,免疫史不详的69例（占18.96%）;在有免疫史的病例中,33.62%有发热,8.62%有双侧腮腺肿大。结论继续做好重点人群的初免和加强免疫工作;提高学生麻风腮疫苗的接种率;贯彻落实学校、托幼机构的学校晨午检制度,及时发现疑似病例,有效地控制流行性腮腺炎的流行和暴发。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Pinggu district of Beijing city dur- ing 2011 - 2013, to grasp mumps epidemic situation at present, in order to provide scientific basis for effec- tive prevention and control measures. Methods Statistical analysis was carried out by the method of descriptive epidemiology. Results 364 cases of mumps were reported in the region during 2011 - 2013, the average rate was 29. 165/10 million. Incidence happened all year around, more incidence happened in July, accounted for 26.89% of the total number of cases; male reported incidence was higher than female; 4 - 12 and 13 - 18 age groups of children and primary and secondary school and main incidence group; rural incidence is higher than the city ; there were 232 cases of immunization history in mumps vaccine or MMR （ Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine） vaccine in the incidence of cases （ accounted for 63.74% ） , non immunized history cases 61 （ accounted for 16.76% ）, 69 cases of unknown immunization history （ accounted forl8.96% ） ; in the immu- nized history cases, 33.62% had fever, 8.62% had bilateral parotid enlargement. Conclusions Continue to accomplish the primary immunization and booster immunization work on focus groups; improve students MMR vaccination rate; implement the morning and noon check system for schools and kindergarten units, to discover suspected cases timely, to control the epidemic and outbreak of mumps effectively.