公安机关非法证据排除程序的建构

On Procedure by Which Public Security Organs Exclude Illegal Evidences

2012年修订的刑事诉讼法基于严密非法证据排除体系,规定公安机关也负有排除非法证据的职责,这不仅对督促公安机关依法取证,保障人权具有积极意义,同时对及时补充控诉证据,提高追诉效率也具有积极意义。但由于刑事诉讼法对公安机关如何排除非法证据缺乏程序性规定,要使该规定得以落实,需要从非法证据排除程序的启动、非法证据审查机构、审查程序、非法证据证明以及非法证据排除的救济等方面作出合理规定。

In view of perfecting the exclusionary rule of illegal evidence, the Criminal Procedural Law revised in 2012 imposes duty on the public security organs to exclude illegal evidence. The provision plays a positive role not only in urging the public security organs to obtain evidence by legal ways and protecting human rights, but also in supplementing incriminating evidence timely and increasing the prosecution efficiency. However, the new Criminal Procedural Law is short of procedural provisions on public security organs＇ excluding illegal evidence. In order to implement the exclusionary rule, explicit provisions such as the initiation of the procedure of excluding illegal evidence, the subject and the method of reviewing the illegality of evidence,the proof of illegal evidence, the relief of exclusion should be made.