小学五年级学生阅读行为与近视的关联性分析

Reading behavior and myopia among school-age children

目的比较正视和近视学龄儿童阅读行为的特征和差异,为探索阅读行为与近视发生的关联性提供参考依据。方法选取某小学五年级的正视和近视学龄儿童各35名参加研究,分别对受试者进行眼健康检查以及阅读行为相关参数的测量。结果近视儿童的阅读距离为(25.5±5.3)cm,正视儿童为(28.7±6.0)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.66,P<0.05)。近视儿童的相对阅读距离比正视儿童更近(t=-2.56,P<0.05)。近视儿童相比正视儿童的头位角更大,分别为(29.9±12.1)°,(26.1±10.6)°,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);近视儿童的眼位角为(24.1±9.3)°,小于正视儿童的(28.3±8.6)°,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.95,P>0.05)。结论学龄儿童的阅读距离普遍很近。近视儿童的阅读距离更近,头位角更大。

Objective To investigate reading behavior among myopic children and to determine the association between reading behavior and myopia. Methods A total of 35 emmetropia children in grade 5 of primary school participated in this study.Eye examination was conducted including refractive status and Harmon distance measurement. Children were asked to read stories（14 fonts the same as text books used in school setting） for 3 minutes and were filmed with a digital camera. Results Average reading distance was closer than 33 cm,with myopic children（25. 5 ± 5. 3） cm shorter than that of emmetropic children（28. 7 ± 6.0） cm（ P 〈0. 05）. Myopic children（29. 9 ± 12. 1） ° had greater head tilt than that of emmetropic children（26. 1 ± 10. 6） °（ P 〈0. 05）,and myopic children（24. 1 ± 9. 3） ° had smaller eye gaze angle than that of emmetropic childen（28. 3 ± 8. 6） °,with no significant difference（P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Myopic children have significantly shorter reading distance and greater head tilt than that of emmetropic children. Differences in reading behavior may associate with myopia ontset and progression among school-age children.