社会保障对城镇居民收入分配的调节效应——以安徽省为例

Adjusting influence on urban residents' income distribution by social security:taking Anhui Province for example

利用《安徽统计年鉴》中的转移性收入数据,从社会保障调节城镇居民收入分配的效果、人均社会保障收入占人均纯收入的比重和不同收入户社会保障收入增速分析三个方面剖析了社会保障对城镇居民收入分配差距的影响。研究发现,由于财政社会保障支出总量不足、社会保障覆盖面偏低、社会保障重点人群错位以及社会保障目标瞄准存在偏差等原因,使得社会保障进一步拉大了城镇居民收入分配的差距。政府应采取一系列措施,如加大财政社会保障支出、扩大社会保障覆盖面、社会保障支出重点向弱势群体倾斜和改善社会保障目标瞄准机制等,以改变社会保障对城镇居民收入分配的逆向调节现状,逐步缩小城镇居民收入差距,促进社会的公平、正义与和谐。

Using the transfer income data of Anhui Statistical Yearbook, this essay investigates the social security＇ s influence on the income distribution gap among urban residents from three aspects, that is, the effect of the social security regulating the income distribution among urban residents, social security income accounted for the proportion of the per capita net income and the analysis of the growth of every household＇ s social security income. It finds that the lacking of total public expenditures, low coverage of social security, the misplaced focus groups of social security and the deviating social security＇ s target etc. have further widened the urban residents＇ income distribution gap. The government should take a series of appropriate measures, such as increasing fiscal spending on social security, improving the coverage of social security, inclining social security spending priorities to the vulnerable groups and improving targeting mechanism etc. , in order to change the current situation of enlarging the urban residents＇ income distribution gap by social security, gradually to narrow the gap between urban resi- dents＇ income distribution and to promote the social fairness, justice and harmony.