《说文解字》畜类字的文化镜像

The Cultural Image of Domestic Animal Words in shuowenjiezi

《说文解字》收录了大量畜类字,其中牛、羊、豕、马部共208字。畜类字涉及畜类的性别、年齿、毛色、体征、习性以及与之相关的生产劳动等方面。与此同时,畜类字文化含义丰富,覆盖上古审美形式、等级观念、相马文化、祭祀文化等众多方面。上古社会对畜类字进行严密的分类有多方面的原因,如不同畜类自然属性上的差异,社会的不断发展进步,早期人类的原始思维方式,各种文化因素的相互影响。

There are abundant of domestic animal words collected in shuowenjiezi, including 208 radicals of niu, shi, yang, ma. These domestic animal words relate to the details of animals＇ sex, age, color, physique, habit and productive labor etc.. Meanwhile, the cultural image of domestic animal words embody with abundant connotation which reflect on aesthetic form, hierarchy, culture of watching horse, sacrificial culture and others in ancient time. There are many reasons about the rigorous classification of domestic animal words in early ancient times, such as the differences of their nature, the develop- ment of society, the ways of primitive thinking and the mutual influence of culture.