先秦造物观四则

Four Ideologies of the Pre-Qin Period's Creation

东周时期,先秦诸子的治世观念为中国古代造物艺术的发展提供了用之不竭的源动力。儒、道、墨、法诸家对于道与器、义与利、心与物、天与人等范畴均作出了各自的阐述,他们对于这些范畴或持对立的观点或持统一的观点。在这些思想相互碰撞、兼收并蓄的过程中,中国古代造物艺术摄取了充足的思想养分,并发展形成了形质统一、致用利人、重己抑物、返璞归真等重要理念,共同组成了中国古代造物艺术的精神内涵。

In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the ideologies in running the country of pre-Qin philosophers have provided inexhaustible power to the development of creative activities. Around the ideas of Tao and substance, righteousness and profit, spirit and matter, nature and human, philosophers who followed Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, Legalism made respective expositions. They reached agreement in some points, while on the other points of view they are opposite. By absorbing the sufficient spiritual nutri- ent in the process of the collision and fusion among these viewpoints, the Chinese ancient creation developed and formed series of important ideas such as ＂syncretism of outwards and inwards＂, ＂human-benefited utility＂, ＂thinking highly of things＂, ＂return to original nature＂, etc. These ideas constituted the spirit connotation of Chinese ancient creation.