基于RTX增强Windows实时性的虚拟无线电实现方案研究

The Research of Architecture of Real-time Enhanced Virtual Radio Based on Windows and RTX

Windows线程切换与线程调度存在毫秒级的时延和不确定性,无法满足通信系统底层协议处理的实时性需求,使得完全基于Windows操作系统的虚拟无线电的应用受到很大限制。提出并实现一种虚拟无线电实时性增强方案,解决上述实时性问题。RTX(real-time extension)是对Windows系统进行实时性扩展的实时操作系统,能保证线程处理的实时性和确定性。设计了基于Windows和RTX的虚拟无线电实现架构,将通信系统的协议处理实现划分为基于RTX实现可满足实时性要求较高的物理层通信协议处理和基于Windows实现实时性要求较低的高层通信协议处理,并给出了两部分处理模块间数据与信令的交互机制。仿真测试结果表明,基于RTX实现通信协议的处理能够达到微秒级的控制时延,可以满足大部分现代通信系统的实时性要求,从而为采用Windows的虚拟无线电的实现提供一种有效的实时性增强解决方案。

Windows thread switch and thread scheduler have millisecond-level delay and uncertainty, which cannot meet the real-time requirements of low layer protocols processing of communication systems. Therefore the applications of virtual radio entirely based on the Windows are restricted greatly. To solve above problems, a solu- tion is presented to enhance the real-time of software radio by RTX （ Real-Time Extension）. Through real-time extension to the Windows HAL, RTX can ensure the real-time and deterministic of thread process. The implementa- tion architecture of the virtual radio based on Windows and RTX is designed, which divides the whole communica- tion protocols processing into two parts： the physical layer protocols processing with the strict real-time and imple- mented in RTX, and the higher layer protocols processing with the weak real-time and implemented in Windows. Meanwhile, the methods of both data and control commands interaction between RTX and windows are provided. The experimental results show that the processing of communication protocols based on RTX can achieve microse- cond-level control latency, which can meet the real-time requirements of the most modern communication systems, thus illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.