摘要
作为二战以降法国法哲学界的领军人物,维莱通过法哲学史的研究建立起古代客观实在论和现代主观唯名论二元对立的体系,断言现代法律思想滥觞于14世纪奥卡姆的唯名论。维莱在此宏大叙述的基础上提出重返亚里士多德古典自然法的主张,其中辨别法的独特目的是首要问题,借此才能实现法与其他学科如道德的区分,并保障事实与价值的融合。维莱认为法的目的是特殊正义,法是对政治共同体内部的客观利益的正义分配。在维莱重视的法的实践领域,法官需要运用辩证法来观察事情的本性,即案件事实情况,努力寻找其中客观存在的正义关系,据此做出判决。维莱的主张对解决当下法律实践难题具有启示意义。
Michel Villey was the head of rebuilding the authority of philosophy of law in France after the 2d World War. By researching the history of legal philosophy, Villey constructed a complete opposition between classic objective realism and modern subjective nominalism. He affirmed that the origin of modern legal thought is the nominalist philosophy of William of Ockham. On this basis, it 's the only proper choice for Villey to return to Aristotle's classic natural law, which concerns the finality and method of law. The primer problem is to find the finality of law, a particular justice in Villey 's theory. By distinguishing the proper aim we can separate law from other knowledge, like morality, economics or politics. Hence, law is the art of distributing interests and duties a-mong citizens in one society. In legal practice, this means that by exercising the method of dialectics, judge can find the objective justice proportion in each lawsuit. Due to the concept of nature of things, judge could achieve a just sentence.
出处
《学术研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期20-25,159,共6页
Academic Research
