医古文中会意字的教学

Teaching of Associative Compound in Ancient Medical Literature

基础知识《汉字》是《医古文》课程中的一个重要环节,对文选的学习具有方法性的作用。会意字部分则是其中的难点,其意合方式与古人的生活经验紧密相关,其所体现的思维特征与中医思维有异曲同工之妙。教学过程中,首先应简洁明了的讲解会意字的概念,由此引出会意字的合成方式及其主要特点,解析会意字的形义关系,然后补充中医文献中的相关文例引导学生应用会意字"因形求义"的方法,并以王安石《字说》中对会意字的误读为案例说明"因形求义"必须以文字学为准绳,避免主观臆断,从而深化并巩固所学。

The chapter of Basic Knowledge is an important link of Ancient Medical Literature Course, which plays a guiding role in learn-ing anthology. The part of Associative Compound is a difficult point, whose parataxis system is closely related to the life experience of an-cients and the thinking characteristics is similar to TCM. In the process of teaching, we should firstly explain the concept succinctly and clearly. Secondly, talk about the parataxis system and main features of Associative Compound. Thirdly, analyze the relation between the form and the meaning of Associative Compound. Lastly, supplement some relevant examples in TCM literature to guide students to apply the method of explaining Associative Compound in accordance with the form, and reference the case of misunderstanding in Zi Shuo which written by Wang Anshi to consolidate the knowledge and emphasize that explaining the relation between the form and the meaning of Associative Compound must base on Philology.