论清代科举士人的考试压力与日常生活

The Pressure and Daily Life of Scholars in Qing Dynasty Imperial Examination

通过梳理近代日记、书信以及来华西方人士记录等史料,本文着力探讨科举制度与传统社会的日常社会的复杂关系,认为科举制度系传统士人生活的重心所在。科举考试给士人带来了极大的考试压力,不仅有个体的自我追求,还有家庭生计、亲属和师友的期许。在惨烈的考试竞争中,更多的普通士人扮演着陪读者的悲惨角色。

The article explores the complex relationship between the imperial system and the traditional society daily life. Through the modern diaries, letters and historical records from Westerners in China, and so on. Imperial examination has become the focus lies of the people. Imperial examination had brought a great pressure, not only for the pursuit of individual self, as well as household livelihoods and expectations of relatives and mentorship. In the fierce competition of the examination, more ordinary scholar plays to accompany the reader’s role.