《欲望号街车》中父权制的加冕与脱冕

STUDY ON THE CROWNING AND DECROWNING OF PATRIARCHY IN THE PLAY A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE

巴赫金狂欢化文学理论认为狂欢节中笑谑地给狂欢国王加冕与随后的脱冕是狂欢式中最重要的节庆仪式,它使一切高贵的因素降格,体现了狂欢化理论的精神内核,即颠覆等级、主张平等对话,强调未完成性、变易性,反对僵化和教条。田纳西·威廉姆斯的著名戏剧《欲望号街车》中斯坦利父权制的加冕与脱冕是对巴赫金狂欢化文学理论的完美诠释。

Through studying the European ancient carnival culture,Bakhtin puts forward the famous carnival poetics theory. He calls all the etiquettes and forms of carnival celebrations as ＂ binge＂ in which crowning and decrowning is the most important festival ceremony. Because it degrades all the noble factors and embodies the core spirit of carnival theory which is to subvert the hierarchy,advocate equal communication,emphasize the unfinished and the unchangeable and oppose rigidity and dogma. The play A Streetcar Named Desire,Tennessee Williams＇ notable work,describes an intense conflict between Stanley and Blanche. Although Stanley wins at last,his status as a ＂ carnival king＂ of his wife and friends is still deprived. This kind of change conforms to the crowning and decrowning act discussed in Bakhtin＇ s carnival theory and it criticizes and satirizes the patriarchal repression and persecution on women,overthrows the strict hierarchy and stresses equal communication between the male and female. Besides,Blanche＇ s decrowning Stanley also eulogizes her bravery of breaking the constraint of the patriarchy and pursuing freedom and equality.