北京某牛场奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

The Survey and Analysis of the Resistant Bacteria from Cow Mastitis in a Dairy Farm in Beijing

为调查北京某牛场乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性,采集该牛场48头奶牛的乳头涂抹点、牛乳、粪便以及卧床土等200份样品进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验,共检出可疑菌株142株,并通过耐热核酸酶试验、触酶试验、凝固酶试验等确定出致病性金黄色葡萄球菌47株。药敏试验结果表明,分离的47株菌株对多种药物具有不同程度的耐受性,对牛场常用药青霉素的耐药率高达83%,对氨苄西林、链霉素的耐药率分别为60%、53%,已具有较高的耐药性,建议不再经常使用;氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、万古霉素、头孢哌酮、头孢唑啉、头孢噻吩、阿米卡星等具有较强的抗菌活性(S﹥80%),可用于奶牛乳房炎的临床用药。本研究结果为该牛场在对乳房炎致病性金黄色葡萄球菌的诊断及治疗药物的选择方面提供了技术服务。

In order to survey the drug resistance ofStaphylococcus aureus within a dairy farm in Beijing, totally 200 samples which include nipple smearing, milk, feces and soil of cow’s bed from 48 dariy cows were employed for separation and identification ofStaphylococcus aureus, as well as the drug susceptibility test. Through gram staining, heat resistant nuclease tests, touch enzyme test, coagulase test and sugar fermentation experiments, we got 47 pathogenicStaphylococcus aureus from142 suspicious strains and relevance ratio was 33.1%（47/142）. The results of drug sensitive test show that the separated strains have different degree of tolerance for avariety of drugs, and penicillin resistant rate is as high as 83%, the resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin were 60%, 53%, respectively, those common drugs were suggested no longer to use for the high resistance we should choose antimicrobial activity drugs in clinical medicine, such as olfoxacin, norlfoxacin, ciprolfoxacin, gentamycin, cefoperazone, vancomycin and cefazolin, cefalotin, Amikacin（S〉80%）. The results provides technical services to the cattle farm in the diagnosis of mastitis pathogenicStaphylococcus aureus and the choice of treatment.