欧盟汽柴油质量标准与实际质量状况

Gasoline and diesel quality and standards in the EU

欧盟国家汽柴油质量标准走在全球前列,是全球最多的被其他国家借鉴、参考或者采用的标准。从欧盟汽柴油质量标准的变化可以看出,硫含量是汽柴油变化幅度最大的指标,汽柴油硫含量降至10ppm以下基本是国际趋势;从欧盟实际销售的汽柴油质量看,汽油质量的合格率明显高于柴油,由于柴油用途广泛,对柴油标准的制定更应周全;辛烷值不达标是汽油不合格的主要表现之一,这是包括我国在内的许多国家汽油质量升级面临的挑战;欧盟使用乙醚代替乙醇,从而避免了汽油蒸汽压的增高,同时对汽油氧化物含量进行严格控制及详细规定。我国正加速提高国内汽柴油品质,与欧盟油品质量的差距已经越来越小,如果实施到位,必将对我国空气质量改善做出贡献。

The EU's gasoline and diesel quality standards are the world'shighest. They are the fuel quality standards most referred to, explicitly referenced or directly adopted by non-EU countries. Reduced sulfur content is one of the most important air-quality changes wrought by the standards, reducing it to below 10 ppm and setting an international trend. While the rate of noncompliance by both gasoline and diesel sold in the EU is not high, diesel's is higher than gasoline's because diesel's more widely used. The bulk of noncompliance by gasoline was in octane rating, and that is also one of the many national gasoline quality improvement challenges China is faced with. Blending ether instead of ethanol to reduce Reid Vapor Pressure in gasoline is popular in the EU. At the same time the EU's Fuel Quality Directive strictly controls and sets a limit on gasoline oxide content. The Chinese government is hastening to raise gasoline and diesel emission quality, and the difference between the EU and China in fuel quality is already narrowing. If implemented well, that will make a contribution to China's air quality improvement.