袁枚与吴镇的后期交往及论争考辨——兼及乾嘉文坛的诗学理论和儒佛信仰之争

On the Argument and Late Association between Yuan Mei and Wu Zhen

袁枚与当时西北诗人吴镇的交往可分为前后两期。前期二人诗文往来,关系融洽。但乾隆五十八年(1793),二人在张晋和许珌诗作是否入选《随园诗话》、如何对待生死两个问题上意见不一而发生论争。这场论争影响了二人的融洽关系,还涉及到乾嘉时期诗学多元化格局和乾嘉文人的信仰危机。乾隆六十年(1795),吴承禧代父作祝寿诗祝袁枚八十大寿,二人关系得以缓和。随后,吴镇两次拜访袁枚于随园,二人尽释前嫌。厘清袁枚和吴镇之间的交往事实,特别是辨清二人论争情况,有助于我们加深对乾嘉文坛的认识。

Because of an accidental chance, Yuan Mei who was the poetics representative of Qian Jia literary arena, began to associate with Wu Zhen who was the representative of west poetry. Initially, they built a good relationship by letter. However, their friendship stopped in 1792 when they had disagreement on whether Zhang Jin and Xu Bi＇s poems should be collected in Sui Yuan Notes on Poets and Poetry. Moreover, they also had disagreement on the way to life and death. In 1795, after Wu Cheng xi, Wu Zhen＇s son, wrote a congratulating poem for Yuan Mei＇s eightieth birthday, Wu and Yuan＇s relationship became better. Yuan and Wu＇s relationship, especially their disagreement could bring us a deeper understanding on Qian Jia literary arena.