金属超声振动塑性成形技术研究现状及其发展趋势

Research Status and Development Tendency of Ultrasonic-vibration Assisted Metal Plastic Forming

金属超声振动塑性成形,由于能够有效降低设备成形力,提高材料成形极限,改善成形零件质量,在塑性成形领域逐渐发挥了重要作用。介绍了金属超声振动塑性成形的原理与主要特点,以及理论机制中"体积效应"和"表面效应"的研究进展。综述了超声振动在铝/镁合金等轻合金塑性成形工艺中应用的研究现状。提出了目前金属超声振动塑性成形在理论和应用研究中存在的主要问题,并对该技术未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

Ultrasonic-vibration assisted metal plastic forming gradually plays an important role in the field of plastic forming, because it can help to reduce the forming force effectively, improve the forming limit of metallic materials and re- fine the quality of formed parts. Characteristics of uhrasonic-vibration assisted metal plastic forming were introduced, and the research status of two aspects of the theoretical mechanism including ＂volume effect＂ and ＂surface effect＂ were summa- rized. In addition, the application of ultrasonic-vibration in light alloy forming processes was reviewed. Finally, the prob- lems existing in the current theoretical and application research and the prospects of ultrasonic-vibration assisted metal plas- tic forming were presented.