镰刀菌引起的橡胶树两种新病害

Two New Diseases on Hevea Rubber Trees Caused by Fusarium

在云南西双版纳橡胶树上发生了两种新病害,一种是引起橡胶树死亡的基腐病,另一种是引起胶树产量减少或不产胶的树干褐斑病.经镜检标本、病原菌分离、致病性测定和菌落形态特征观察、镜检分生孢子的形态和着生方式,鉴定结果为腹状镰刀菌Fusarium venfricosum,茎干褐斑病病原菌鉴定为多隔镰刀菌Fusarium decemcellulare.这两种新病害的出现可能与持续几十年种植橡胶树,在环境和营养的长期胁迫下出现树体衰退(Decline)有关.

Two new diseases, collar rot and stem brown spot, have recently occurred in the Hevea rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. The former causes the death of the plants and the latter causes yield reduetion or latex-off. Pathogen identification was carried out through microscopic examination of the samples, pathogen isolation and pathogenicity determination, and morphological examination of the colo- nies and the conidia. The pathogen was identified as Fusariurn venfricosurn for collar rot and F. decerncel- lulare for stem brown spot on Hevea rubber. The occurrence of the two new rubber diseases may be related to tree decline under environmental and nutritional stresses caused by successive cultivation of rub- ber trees.