黑瞎子岛保护与开发规划研究

Research on the Protection and Devel- opment Planning of Heixiazi Island

本文依据景观生态学原理进行了黑瞎子岛保护与开发规划研究。首先，基于生态保护划分核心生态保护区、一般生态保护区、渔业资源保护区、观光休闲度假旅游区四个功能引导区，确定在岛上不设置经贸开发区和旅游休闲区，并在岛外布局新城发展区的战略思路。其次，从战略意义、基地条件、用地评价、交通条件、边境交流、发展潜力、示范作用、建设成本、宜居环境、景观条件共十个方面对四个备选新城址方案进行了评价，最终选择通江口作为乌苏新城建设区，并从土地承载力、环境容量和发展目标导向方面确定新城规模为20万～50万人。新城功能区组织和产业发展充分考虑生态敏感、空间有限和岛内外联动的影响，由行政管理服务区、口岸区、经贸区、旅游休闲区、进出口加工区、渔产品生产基地、综合保税区等基本功能区组成，产业发展以生态渔业、休闲旅游和加工出口业为主。

This paper focuses on the pro- tection and development planning of Hei- xiazi Island according to the principle of landscape ecology. Firstly, based on eco- logical protection, the paper divides the island into four functional zones of core ecological protection zone, general eco- logical protection zone, fishery conserva- tion zone, and sightseeing leisure tourist zone, without setting up economic devel- opment zone and tourism and leisure area. Secondly, the paper puts forward the strategic thinking of setting up a new town outside the island and evaluates the four optional locations of the new town from the perspectives of strategic signifi- cance, site conditions, land use evalua- tion, traffic condition, border communi- cation, development potential, demon- stration effeet, construction cost, livabie environment, landscape conditions, etc.In the end, Tongjiangkou is chosen as the construction area for Wusu New Town. After considering land carrying capacity, environmental capacity, and development goals, the paper determines that the popula- tion size of the new town will be 200 000 to 500 000 people The organization of func- tional zones and the industrial development of the new town should take full account of ecological sensitivity, spatial limitation, and coordination between the internal and external of the island. The basic functional zones include administrative services zone, port zone, economic and trade zone, tourism and leisure zone, import and ex- port processing zones, fishery products production zone, comprehensive bonded zone, etc. And ecological fishery, leisure tourism, and export processing industry will be the major industries.