贫困地区存在“粘蝇纸效应”吗

Is There the“Flypaper Effect”in the Poverty-stricken Counties?

文章以国定扶贫县为研究对象,分析在财政转移支付不断增加的背景下贫困地区是否存在"粘蝇纸效应"。通过构建理论模型与实证分析,文章认为,无论是整个国定扶贫县,还是"老、少、边、穷"四类扶贫县,均存在显著的"粘蝇纸效应",贫困地区并没有像对待自有财政收入那样珍惜财政转移支付。与此同时,国定扶贫县本身底子较薄,"粘蝇纸效应"可能导致地方政府财政状况恶化,因此,上级政府应加强国定扶贫县转移支付的资金管理,杜绝财政资金浪费,同时加强扶贫县地方政府财政赤字和地方债务管理,严防财政风险。在扶贫县名单评定上提高"准度"并制定有效的"退出"机制。

Based on the national poverty-stricken counties, this paper analyzes the existence of flypaper effect in the poor areas in the background of constant rise in fiscal transfer payments. By theoretical models and empirical analysis, it comes to the conclusions as follows： regardless of the entire national poverty-stricken counties, or the old revolutionary base, ethnic minority, bor- der and poverty areas, there are significant flypaper effects, namely the local governments do not treat fiscal transfer payments with treasure as their own fiscal revenues. Meanwhile, the poverty- stricken counties are very poor, so the flypaper effect may lead to the deterioration of financial situation of local governments. Therefore, the governments at higher level should strengthen funding management in transfer payments of the poverty-stricken counties, eliminate the waste of financial funds, enhance local government fiscal deficit and debt management in the poverty- stricken counties, and guard against financial risks. In terms of the assessment of poverty- stricken counties list, the accuracy should be improved and an effective exit mechanism should be developed.