FDI会影响城乡收入差距吗——以江苏省为例

The Effect of FDI on the Urban-rural Residential Income Gap in Jiangsu Province

随着经济政策目标从"促增长"转向"调结构",地方政府依赖外资促进经济增长与技术进步的做法也在逐步转变。文章在分析FDI影响城乡收入差距传导机制的基础上,以FDI最为活跃的江苏省为例,考察2001-2013年外商投资对城乡收入差距的影响。研究结果表明,随着江苏发展阶段的变化,外商与被投资地区政府和劳动力的双向选择使FDI与城乡收入间形成倒U形关系,且当FDI占GDP比重为3%左右时到达曲线的顶点;江苏部分地区已进入曲线的右侧,应进一步提升这些地区FDI质量,同时为仍处在曲线左侧的地区提供更便利的投资条件,以解决地区间、城乡间的收入结构差异,已成为经济发展新阶段江苏省利用外资的主要目标。

With the transformation of economic policy target from growth promotion to structure ad- justment, the measure about the dependence on FDI by local governments aiming at economic growth and technology progress has increasingly changed. Based on the analysis of the transmission mechanism of the effect of FDI on urban-rural income gap, this paper takes Jiangsu province as an example and ex- plores the effect of FDI on urban-rural income gap from 2001 to 2013. It comes to the results as follows： firstly, with different stages of economic development in Jiangsu province, the two-way choice between FDI and factors like governments in invested areas and labor leads to an inverted U-shaped relationship between FDI and urban-rural income, and it reaches the apex of the curve when FDI accounts for about 3% of GDP; secondly, some areas in Jiangsu province have entered the right side of the curve, so Jiang- su province should further improve FDI quality in areas on the right side of the curve and simultaneously provide more convenient investment conditions for areas on the left side of the curve to solve the income structure differences between urban and rural areas, which have been FDI main target in the new stage of economic development.