南苏丹共和国部族冲突探析

On the Ethnic Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan

2013年12月15日,南苏丹共和国爆发丁卡人与努维尔人的部族冲突。此次冲突是过去部族冲突的延续。早在南北第二次内战期间,丁卡族领导人约翰·加朗与努维尔族领导人里克·马查尔的政见分歧引发了两大部族数十年的对抗。此时,部族冲突的经济地理因素让位于政治因素,部族已经政治化。2011年7月9日,南苏丹脱离苏丹独立。由于对权力、资源的争夺及在国家发展路线上的分歧,部族的政治化较之以前更加突出。南苏丹共和国也面临着更加艰巨的民族国家构建任务。

The ethnic conflict continued between Dinka and Nuer and exploded again in the Republic of South Sudan on December 15, 2013. Due to the different political opinions between John Garang, the leader of Dinka and Rick Machar, the leader of Nuer, such conflict had lasted for decades during the second civil war between the South and the North. This time, the conflict results from the economy and geography rather than politics. The South Sudan became an independent state on July 9, 2011. Because of the the contests over power, natural resources, and the arguments on the country＇ s development path, the politicalization of the ethnic groups became more apparent. A more arduous task of nation - state building thus befalls to the Republic of South Sudan.