延续性自我管理教育对冠状动脉介入术后饮食控制的效果研究

Effects of continued self-management education program on diet control for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention therapy

目的探讨延续性自我管理教育在冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后患者饮食控制过程中的应用。方法选取长沙市某医院123例实施PCI的患者,随机分为观察组(62例)和对照组(61例)。两组均接受常规的心内科护理,观察组在此基础上应用延续性自我管理教育进行术后的饮食管理。评价两组患者干预前及干预6个月后各类食物的日均摄入达标率、两组干预后的血压(BP)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、体质指数(BMI)的变化。结果观察组6个月后油类、盐类、奶及奶制品类、豆及豆制品类、禽肉类、鱼虾类、蛋类、蔬菜类、水果类、谷薯类日均达标率优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的BP、LDL-C、BMI各项水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论应用延续性自我管理教育对PCI术后患者进行饮食干预,可有效改善患者的饮食习惯、血压、体质量等诱发冠心病的因素。

Objective To evaluate the effects of continued self‐management education program on diet control for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） therapy .Method Totally 123 patients by PCI were randomly divided into two groups .All patients received routine care .In addition ,the patients in the experimental group re‐ceived diet control based on continued self‐management education program .The patients＇daily intake ,blood pres‐sure（BP） ,LDL‐C and body mass index（BMI） were measured before intervention and six months after intervention . Result After intervention ,the rates of adherence to recommendations of daily intake of oil ,salt ,milk ,beans ,meat , fish and shrimp ,eggs ,vegetables ,fruits and cereals in experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0 .05） .The BP ,BMI ,LDL‐C in the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0 .05） .Conclusion Diet control based on continued self‐management education program can facili‐tate patients by PCI to control blood pressure ,body weight and other risk factors of coronary heart disease ,improve their diet control behaviors .