采空区覆岩稳定性模拟试验

Simulation Experiment on Stability of Goaf Overlying Strata

为了研究铁路下伏采空区分布特征和覆岩稳定性规律,为采空区全面有效治理提供依据,实现确保运输安全的目的。通过建立相似材料、压力测试装置和位移场光测装置,利用相似原理进行材料配比,采用相似模型架建立物理试验模型,通过测点相对位移模拟观测地表移动及上覆岩层的变形情况,开展不同采厚、采深和预留煤柱下的采空区覆岩稳定性模拟试验。总结出铁路下伏煤层采空区的分布位置和特征,得到采空区围岩的破坏过程、机理和冒落规律,指出包神铁路下伏采空区治理的必要性并提出治理措施。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution characteristics of coal seam goaf and stability laws of overlying strata,to provide the basis for goaf comprehensive management,to implement the purpose of ensuring transportation safety. Through the establishment of similar materials,pressure test device,and the displacement measuring device,using the principle of similar material proportion,by similar model test shelf,the physical experiment models were set up. By measuring point relative displacement,the ground surface movement and overburden deformation were observed,the stability of goaf overlying strata was analyzed in different mining thickness,mining depth and reserved coal pillar. The result of this study is to summarize the location and distribution characteristics of coal seam goaf,to give failure process,mechanism and caving laws. At last,the management necessity was pointed out and the suggest measures were proposed for Baoshen railway goaf.