黄河三角洲建立湿地生态补偿机制问题的探讨

Study of Building the Ecological Compensation System of Wetland in Shandong Yellow River Delta

湿地是重要的生态系统,其特殊的地位和作用受到越来越多的关注,建立湿地生态补偿制度将成为保护湿地的长效机制。本文以山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区为研究对象,概述了保护区基本情况和目前存在的主要问题,即工农业生产活动频繁,湿地退化严重,可持续发展能力较弱,保护管理水平有待提高。阐述了建立湿地生态补偿机制对保护湿地,持续利用湿地资源,充分实现公共资源的生态服务价值,达到可持续发展的必要性;并针对山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区的实际情况,提出建立相关法规条例,创建适合本地区的湿地生态补偿机制;同时强调加强监督管理和宣教工作,促进公众参与。

Wetland is the important ecosystem. There has been increasing concern on the special status and function of wetland. It is an effective way to protect wetland by establishing ecological compensation mechanism. Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve was studied in this text. The basic situation of the reserve was summarized. There were four main difficulties in the development of reserve at present. Industrial and agricultural production activities were frequent in the reserve. Protection and management level needed to be improved. There was serious degradation of wetlands with weak sustainable development ability. It was necessary to build wetland ecological compensation system in the reserve in order to protect and scientifically utilize wetland resources, fully realizing the ecological service value of public resources and sustainable development. Four measures were offered based on the actual situation of Shandong Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve. That is, establishing relevant laws and regulations, building propose ecological compensation system, strengthening management and propaganda work and encourage the public participation.