科学数据规范引用关键问题探析

Discussion on Key Problems of Scientific Data Citation

[目的/意义]明确实现规范引用需要解决的基本问题、重点和难点问题,并分析相关利益群体在这一过程中需要承担的责任和未来努力的方向,以引导其更好地厘清思路,推动实践。[方法/过程]借鉴国内外相关研究及实践经验,从科学数据规范引用价值认同入手,从如何引用、引用什么和何时引用三方面阐述科学数据规范引用的基本问题与难点。以此为基础,分析数据规范引用给相关利益群体带来的机遇和提出的要求。[结果/结论]理想的科学数据引用规范应该明确回答如何引用、引用什么和何时引用3个基本问题。如何引用,就是需要制定面向科学数据的元数据规范、建立能够承认作者贡献的评价体系并提供支持科学数据引用的参考文献管理工具;引用什么,就是需要明确引用数据的版本、粒度、数据验证方式以及引用对象等问题;何时引用,就是需要厘清使用数据的情景。相关利益群体应该看到科学数据规范引用给各自带来的机遇以及提出的要求,不断调整以推动数据引用的实践。

[ Purpose/significance ] Identify the basic problems, keys and difficulties of data citation, then analyze the responsibility and the future directions of stakeholders, in order to help them to clarify which idea is better, and promote the practice of data publishing. [ Method/process ] Referring to the domestic and foreign related research and experience, starting from the value elaborates the basic problems and difficulties in scientific data citation. Based on this, analyzes the opportunities and requirements for stakeholders. [ Result/conclusion] Results show that the reasonable standard of scientific data citation should answer three basic questions clearly. They are how to cite, what to cite and when to cite？ The metadata, acknowledgement and tools for citation are keys to answer the question of how to cite ; versioning, granularity, verification and citation object are cores of what to cite ; when to cite is to clarify the scenarios of using data. Stakeholders should see the opportunities and requirements brought by scientific data standard citation, and adjust themselves continuously in order to promote the practice of data citation.