城镇灵活就业农民工社会保险问题研究

Research on the Social Insurance System for Migrant Workers Engaging in Flexible Employment

中国城镇有大量的灵活就业者,现有的社会保险制度已向城镇本地灵活就业者开放;但在城镇从事灵活就业的农民工,其社会保险仍是一个制度"真空"。本文利用"中国城市劳动力调查"数据,描述城镇灵活就业农民工社会保险的缺失状况,分析其原因和症结所在,并提出对策建议。针对目前存在的覆盖面窄、断保率高、逆向选择、缴费水平高、参保险种不完整等问题,城镇灵活就业农民工社会保险制度应不断放宽参保条件、改革缴费基数、扩充险种、提高参保积极性。

In urban China, there is a big share of workers engaging in flexible employment. The existing social insurance system has already covered the urban local flexible workers. However, the migrant workers engaging in flexible employment in urban areas are not included in this social insurance system. Based on the analysis with the data collected by the project of China Urban Labor Survey, this paper describes the social insurance situation of urban migrant workers engaging in flexible employment, then analyses the reasons and cruxes, and puts forward countermeasures. There are some problems in the existing social insurance system for flexible employees, such as its low coverage, high surrender rate, adverse selection, high premium-paid base and incomplete categories and so on. So, this paper thinks that, the social insurance system should relax the eligibility restrictions, reforming the premium-paid base, expanding the types of insurance coverage, and improving flexible employees＇ motivation to participate in social insurance.