C9大学基础科研生产力的国内外比较研究——基于20世纪80年代以来Web of Science论文收录信息的计量分析

A Comparative Study of C9 Universities' Scientific Research Productivity in Basic Scientific Fields——Quantitative Analysis Based on the Publication Information Grabbing from Web of Science since 1980s

本文从科研产出数量、质量和影响力这三个维度,基于1981-2013年Web of Science论文收录信息,以非C9的"985工程"大学以及非"985工程"的"211工程"大学为国内参照样本,以美国IVY大学和澳大利亚Go8大学为国际一流大学参照样本,就我国C9大学基础科研生产力进行了比较研究。整体分析发现,我国C9大学在基础科研生产力的三个维度均遥遥领先于国内其他研究型大学;与IVY大学和Go8大学相比,尽管C9大学呈现出强劲的追赶态势,但在基础科研产出质量与影响力方面差距仍然明显,建设世界一流大学的任务相当艰巨。分学科分析发现,C9大学22个学科基础科研生产力状况整体呈现提升趋势,但与IVY大学存在很大差距。计算机科学、环境科学/生态学、空间科学、物理学等服务于国家科技创新、国家发展转型和重大战略需求的学科及其交叉学科,C9大学的学科影响力长期落后于世界平均水平。此外,相对于IVY大学和Go8大学在优势学科影响力上的稳定状态,C9大学优势学科影响力的波动较大,在未来学科建设工作中,需特别重视优势学科的保持和持续发展。

From three dimensions of basic research innovation-quantity, quality and impact, this paper conducts comparative research on C9 and other types of universities home and abroad by using the 1981-2013 data of Web of Science. Our research findings are： the performance of C9 in all three dimensions are far better than other types of universities （985 universities without C9 title, and 211 Universities without 985 title）in China, thus they are the top research universities inside China. Compared with those world-class universities like IVY and Go8, C9 are still on the track of catching-up, but the gap is still substantial in quality and impact. Through further comparing on the disciplinary level, all the 22 disciplines of C9 show the same trend as its overall performance; It is noteworthy, those important subjects such as computer science, environment＆ecology, space science, physics and multidisciplinary of （29 for national development and as a major strategic transformation, are long-time behind the world average. Compared with the stable status of disciplinary impact of IVY and Go8, those of C9 are rather fluctuating, thus in further works on disciplinary construction, C9 should highly emphasize the strength of dominant disciplines.