承德市城乡结合部大气污染源分析

An Analysis of Atmospheric Pollution Source in the Semi-urban Area of Chengde City

用实地调研的方法获得承德市城乡结合部大气污染源类型及数据,结合相关统计资料,按照国家环保总局(环发[2003]64号)"燃料燃烧排放大气污染物物料衡算办法"进行计算。结果表明:承德市城乡结合部2013年主要大气污染源为烟尘、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物,分别占污染物排放总量的71.83%、3.04%、19.97%和5.61%。烟尘主要来自居民生活和建筑工地,分别占60.70%和39.30%。交通污染源中,氮氧化物排放量占交通污染源排放总量的54.44%,一氧化碳排放量占38.08%。抑制生活污染源的主要对策为改变生活方式减少煤炭燃烧量;交通污染源治理首先应推广汽车尾气处理装置,其次减少私家车的使用;加强建筑工地防尘处理。

The data analysis of the atmospheric pollution source in the semi-urban area of Chengde City ob-tained by field research method is carried out in accordance with “Mass Balance Approach for Air Pollutants from Fuel Combustion Emissions” issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration. The results show that the major source of air pollution in the semi-urban area in Chengde City in 2013 is from soot, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, accounting for 71.83%, 3.04%, 19.97%and 5.61%of the total respectively. Soot mainly comes from residents and construction sites, accounting for 60.70% and 39.30% respectively. As for traffic pollution sources, nitrogen oxide emissions account for 54.44% of the total and carbon monoxide emissions account for 38.08%. The main countermeasure to suppressing domestic pollution sources is to reduce the amount of coal combustion. To suppress the traffic pollution sources, first, device of automobile exhaust treatment should be promoted; second, the use of private cars should be reduced. And the dustproof processing of construction site should be strengthened.