乘用车悬架系统铝合金应用现状

Application of aluminum alloy on the suspension system of passenger vehicles

汽车保有量的快速增长带来了能源和环境的双重危机,汽车轻量化是实现节能减排的有效途径。铝合金材料具有密度小、成形性好、耐腐蚀性能优良的特点,在汽车车身、底盘和动力总成上大量应用了铸造和变形铝合金零件,达到了轻量化的效果。近几年来,底盘悬架系统前/后转向节、前下摆臂和后控制臂零件应用铝合金材料的比例逐年上升。随着车型价位的升高,应用铝合金零件的数量也相应增加,在奥迪、宝马、奔驰等一些中高端车型底盘上已开始使用全铝悬架。铝合金在悬架系统上有很好的应用前景。

Rapid growth in car ownership has brought crises to energy and the environ- ment. To deal with this problem, light weighting is effective to achieve energy saving. Alumi- num alloy has characteristics of low density, good formability and corrosion resistance. Thus a large number of wrought aluminum and casting aluminum parts are used in the car body, the chassis and the powertrain to reduce weight. In recent years, aluminum alloy parts have been used more and more in front/rear knuckles, front lower arms and the control arms of chassis suspension systems year by year. The more expensive the vehicle is, the more aluminum alloy parts are used. Some medium-and-high-end models like Audi, BMW and Mercedes have been using all-aluminum suspension parts. Therefore, application of aluminum is promising in the suspension system.