百年中国劳动关系演化的基本路径及走势

THE BASIC PATH AND TREND OF THE EVOLUTION OF CHINESE RELATIONS IN THE RECENT CENTURY

本文基于马克思"历史的与逻辑的相统一"的方法论,系统勾勒了中国近百年来劳动关系历史演化的基本路径和走势:劳资两利、劳工异化与资本回归是百年中国劳动关系演化的基本线索;晋徽商帮、民国商会与国企民企折射百年中国雇主组织演变的历史轨迹;顶身股、包身工、固定工与农民工反映百年中国劳动者身份地位演化走势;立法规制、行政包办与宏观调控透视百年中国劳动关系管理的政府角色演变。鉴于中国历史传统、文化特色及转型现实,市场化、契约化与法治化应成为未来中国劳动关系发展的基本取向和战略选择。

Based on the methodology of Marx that is the unity of history and logic, this paper roundly and objectively describes the basic path and trend of the historical evolution of Chinese labor relations in the recent century. Benefit both employers and employees, the alienation of labor and capital return is the basic clue of the centurial evolution of Chinese labor relations. The business groups of Jin-Merchant and Hui-Merchant, chambers of commerce in the Republic of China, state-owned enterprises and private enter- prises reflect historical track of the centurial evolution of Chinese employer organization. The personal shares, the indentured laborers, the regular workers and the peasant workers reflect the trend of centurial evolution of Chinese laborers＇ status. Legislative regulation, administrative monopolizing and macro-con- trol show the centurial evolution of government＇s role in Chinese labor relations management. In view of historical tradition, cultural characteristics and transformation reality, this paper comes to a conclusion that marketization, contracting and legalization should be the basic orientation and strategic choice of fu- ture development of Chinese labor relations.