军事飞行人员心理应激防护训练的效果研究

Effect of psychological stress defense training on military flight personnel

目的 探讨军事飞行人员心理应激防护训练的效果,为后续的应用和研究提供参考.方法 以46名军事飞行人员为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为干预组（n=26）和对照组（n=20）,全部人员在相同时间段进行心理应激（加法心算＋飞行模拟操作）后采集心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）、脑电α波及β波指数等生理指标,实验组采用漂浮放松反馈训练太空舱进行30 min心理应激防护训练,对照组进行30 min的深呼吸放松训练,训练结束后两组再次采集上述各指标,实验组并填写训练评估问卷,进行数据分析评估训练效果.结果 （1） HRV时域指标比较：与对照组及自身训练前相比,实验组PNN50[（24.29±17.02）％]均有明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;对照组的PNN50[（15.06±15.03）％]与自身训练前相比也有升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（2） HRV频域指标比较：与对照组及自身训练前相比,实验组HFnorm[（22.35± 13.32） ms2]明显升高,LF/HF（5.11 ±3.45）、LFnorm[（77.65±13.32） ms2]明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;对照组TP与自身训练前相比有所升高（P＜0.05）;（3）脑电指标比较：与对照组及自身训练前相比,实验组的α波指数（11.08±2.47）明显升高,β波指数（5.66±4.46）明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,对照组无变化（P＞0.05）;（4）心理应激防护训练评估问卷显示训练的必要性和有效性均为96％.结论 心理应激防护训练可以有效调节军事飞行人员的心理应激反应,是一种新颖的、受欢迎的心理训练方法.

Objective To investigate the effects of psychological stress defense training on military flight personnel for providing basis on further applications and studies.Methods 46 military flight personnel were divided into 2 groups randomly：the experiment group （n=26） and the control group（n=20）.All person underwent psychological stress（additive mental calculation and flight simulation operation） and then their indexes of heart rate variability（HRV） and brain wave（α＆β） were measured.Floating feedback training was performed to defend psychological stress in the experiment group for 30 minutes,while deep breathing and relaxation training was performed in the control group for 30 minutes.All person＇s indexes of HRV and brain wave（α＆β） were measured again and training assessment questionnaire was filled in.Results （1） HRV time domain indexes：compared with control group（（15.06±15.03）％） and before training＇s,experiment group gained significant increase（P＜0.05,P＜0.01） in PNN50（（24.29± 17.02） ％）.（2） HRV frequency domain indexes：compared with control group and before training＇ s,experiment group gained significant increase（P＜0.05,P＜0.01） in HFnorm （（22.35± 13.32） ms2） and significant reduction（P＜0.05,P＜0.01） in LF/HF（5.11 ±3.45） and LFnorm（（77.65± 13.32） ms2）.（3） Brain wave indexes：compared with control group and before training＇s,experiment group gained significant increase（P＜0.05,P＜0.01） in α waves index（11.08±2.47） and significant reduction（P＜0.05,P＜0.01） in β waves（5.66±4.46）.（4）The necessity and effectiveness of psychological stress defense training was 96％ according to the result of assessment questionnaire.Conclusion Psychological stress defense training is an effective and popular way to regulate the psychological stress reaction of military flight personnel.