不同频率全身振动训练对篮球运动员动态平衡能力训练效果的对比研究

Comparative Research in Dynamic Balance Training in Basketball Players Using Whole Body Vibration at Different Frequencies

目的:探讨不同频率全身振动训练对篮球运动员动态平衡能力的影响。方法:研究对象为北京体育大学竞技体育学院篮球专项成年运动员27名。A组进行中低频振动(30Hz)训练,B组进行次高频振动(45Hz)训练,C组为对照组。振动训练持续8周,振幅设定为7mm,运动员在振动训练仪上作下蹲动作。训练前后测定受试者的总稳定指数(SI)、前后轴稳定指数(APSI)、左右轴稳定指数(MLSI)、总标准差(SD)、前后标准差(APSD)、左右标准差(MLSD),并计算各项指标变化量(Δ),之后进行组内和组间比较。结果:振动训练后,振动训练组的SI、APSI、MLSI较自身训练前均显著提高(P<0.01),SD、APSD、MLSD较自身训练前均显著下降(P<0.01),对照组训练前后各项指标均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。振动训练引起的指标变化量,B组显著高于A组;A、B两组均显著高于C组(P<0.01)。结论:振动训练可有效提高篮球运动员动态平衡能力;7mm振幅下,次高频振动训练对篮球运动员动态平衡能力的提高效果优于中低频振动训练。

[Objective]To investigate different frequencies of vibration training on balance ability. [Method] 27 basketball players from Beijing Sports University were divided into 3 groups at random. Subjects in Group A （30Hz） and Group B （45Hz） undergone a 8-week vibration training with an amplitude of 7mm and Group C was control group. Stability index（SI）,anterior/posterior SI（APSI）, medial/lateral SI（MLSI）, standard deviation （SD） ,anterior/posterior SD （APSD） ,medial/lateral SD （MLSD） were tested before and after training. [Results]The SI,APSI,MLSI of Group A and Group B improved very significantly （P〈0.01）, SD,APSD,MLSD of Group A and Group B declined very significantly （P〈0.01）. For the comparison between groups, the data in Group B was more than that of Group A. The balance ability of Group A and B improved more than that of Group C, with a significant difference （P 〈 0. 01）.[Conclusion]Vibration training can enhance the effects of balance ability training effectively. With the same amplitude of 7 mm, effects of vibration training with hypo-high frequency vibration stimulus （45Hz） is better than that with low-middle frequency vibration stimulus （30Hz） .