ICU急诊患者对心理护理的需求分析及具体措施

Specific measures and analysis of requirements of emergency patients in need of psy-chological nursing in ICU

目的评价ICU急诊患者对心理护理的需求，并探讨具体的心理护理措施。方法以2012年9月至2013年9月间入住我院ICU的445例急诊患者为研究对象，自制心理护理需求分析量表，同时利用MSSNS（非精神科住院患者心理状态评定量表）进行问卷调查，统计患者开始临床护理前的心理护理需求；并根据问卷调查内容制定针对性的心理护理方案，统计护理效果。结果心理护理需求分析量表结果显示，患者最需要护士态度亲切、能够向患者致意、可以理解患者等；MSSNS量表结果显示，患者负性心理得分总分平均为（85．13±10．92）分，包括各子项目得分在内，均处于相对较高的水平；护理效果显示，患者接受心理护理的总时间平均为（81．4±7．1）min、心理护理总次数（1．97±0．32）次，经过有效的心理护理后，患者的MSSNS量表得分下降至（62．32±8．51）分，包括各子项目得分在内，均较护理前显著降低，P〈0．05，差异具有统计学意义。结论ICU急诊患者对心理护理具有很高的需求，需要护理人员制定有效的心理护理方案，进行针对性处理。

Objective To evaluate the demand of emergency patients in need of psychological nursing in ICU and explore the measures of psychological nursing. Methods 445 cases of emergency patients, treated in the hospital from September 2012 to September 2013, were selected as the research object. The psychological care need was self-made. The analysis scale of the demand of psychological nursing was made by ourselves and at the same time questionnaire survey was carried out. The demand of psychological nursing before the be- ginning of psychological nursing was measured by using the MSSNS. The plan of targeted psychological nursing was made according to the content of the questionnaire and the effect of nursing was recorded, Results The results of the analysis scale of psychological nursing care showed that the patients needed the nurses＂ kind attitude and friendly greetings and the nurses could understand the patients. MSSNS scale showed that the negative psychological score of patients was （85.13±0. 92）%, including the sub item score inside, which was at a relatively high level. The effect of nursing showed that the average of the total time of psychological nursing that the patients received was （81.4±7. 1 ） min and the times of psychological nursing was （ 1.97±0. 32） times. After the effective psychological nursing, the MSSNS scores of patients decreased to （62. 32±8. 51 ） %, including the sub item score, which was significantly lower than before （P〈0. 05 ） and there was statistical significance. Conclusions Patients in ICU have high demand for psychological nursing, and nursing staff needs to make a effective plan of psychological nursing to deal with the treatment.