岗位培训对提升医院感染预防控制知识效果评价

Effect of job training on improvement of knowledge about control of healthcare-associated infections

目的调查医务人员医院感染认知度及评价岗位培训的效果,以完善未来岗位培训的内容和形式。方法2014年3月上海市医院感染质控中心对参加医院感染岗位培训人员,于培训前、后分别进行问卷调查,内容涉及医院感染常见类型、传播特点及导管相关性血流感染(CLABSI)、呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)、导尿管相关性尿路感染(CAUTI)的循证预防控制措施,采用培训前、后对照,评估培训效果。结果共收集问卷调查表306份,来自107所三级、二级、一级以及民营医院,医务人员在培训前、后对医院感染知识的认知度有明显提高,答题正确率由63.3%提高至85.0%,不同级别医院的人员在调查后达到相近认知水平;所有调查项目中,被调查者对传染病的传播途径认知最低,仅53.6%能正确区分空气传播疾病,而对手卫生、CAUTI的认知已普遍较高,培训前、后差异无统计学意义;对需要接触隔离的病原体认知无明显改善,培训前、后正确率分别为67.6%和68.3%。结论医院感染岗位培训课程能显著提高医务人员对预防医院感染最佳循证措施的认知,但对传染病基础知识、多药耐药菌知识的提升有限,应加强该类培训并关注培训效果。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the health care workers＇awareness of healthcare‐associated infections and evaluate the effect of the job training so as to make the content and forms of the job training complete .METHODS Questionnaire surveys were conducted for the personnel who participated the job training initiated by Shanghai Infection Control Center in Mar ,2014 ,the contents of the surveys covered the common types of healthcare‐associ‐ated infections ,spread characteristics ,and evidence‐based control measures of central line associated Bloodstream Infection （CLABSI） ,ventilator‐associated pneumonia （VAP） ,and catheter‐associated urinary tract infections （CAUTI） ,and the effect of the job training was evaluated .RESULTS A total of 306 copies of questionnaires were collected ,involving 107 tertiary ,secondary ,primary ,and private hospitals .As compared with the healthcare workers′awareness of knowledge about healthcare‐associated infections before the job training ,it was significantly improved after the job training ,the rate of correct answer increased from 63 .3% to 85 .0% ;the level of awareness of the health care workers from the different scales of hospitals was nearly same after the job training .Among all the survey items ,the awareness of the transmission route of infectious disease was lowest ,only 53 .6% of the par‐ticipants could discriminate the air‐borne infectious disease ,while the awareness of the hand hygiene and CAUTI was generally high ,and there was no statistically significant difference before and after the job training . The awareness of the pathogens that needed to be isolated was not improved significantly ,with the correct rate of 67 .6% before the job training ,68 .3% after the job training .CONCLUSIONS The job training of knowledge about nosocomial infections may contribute to the significant improvement of awareness of the optimal evidence‐based measure ,however ,it works little to the improvement of awareness of basic knowledge about infectious diseases and the knowledge about the multidrug‐resistant bacteria .The effect of such training should be focused on .