新疆地区住院患者护理职业性别刻板印象的调查

Investigation of stereotying of the nursing occupational gender among the hospitalized patients in Xingjiang region

目的：探讨新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族住院患者对护理职业的性别刻板印象的情况。方法于2014年1—3月采用单纯随机抽样法抽取212例住院患者,了解其对护理职业是否性别刻板印象。采用自行设计的问卷,问卷包括个人基本资料和对护理职业性别刻板印象的问卷。结果本研究发现,17.9%（40/212）的住院患者认为男性适合护理职业,47.2%（100/212）的住院患者认为男性不适合护理职业；不同民族的患者在认为男性是否适合护理职业方面差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。50.9%（108/212）的住院患者认为女性比男性更适合做护士；不同民族的患者观点差异有统计学意义（ P 〈0．05）。住院患者中15.1%（32/212）愿意接受男护士护理,42.9%（91/212）勉强愿意接受男护士的护理,42.0%（89/212）不愿意接受男护士的护理；不同性别、民族的患者其观点差异均有统计学意义（ P〈0.05）。结论新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族的住院患者均对护理职业存在性别刻板印象,社会及医院应加大对男护士从业的宣传力度,逐渐去除住院患者对护理职业的性别刻板印象。

Objective To understand stereotying of nursing occupation gender among the Uygur and Han nationality of hospitalized patients. Methods A total of 212 inpatients had been chosen by simple random sampling method and survey the general personal information and stereotying of nursing occupational gender by self-designed questionnaire during January to March 2014. Results From our study, 17. 9% （ 40/212 ） inpatients believed male was suitable for nursing occupation, but 47. 2% hospitalized patients had opposite opinion;inpatients with different nationality had different opinion on whether male was suitable for nursing job or not, and differences was statistically significant （P 〈0. 05）. 50. 9% （108/212） of hospitalized patients thought females was more suitable for nursing job than males; and different nationality patients had different viewpoint on this question （P〈0. 05）. Among hospitalized patients, 15. 1% （32/212） accepted nursing care offered by males, 42. 9% （ 91/212 ） reluctant acceptance, and 42. 0% no acceptance; different gender, different nationality had different viewpoint for male nursing care （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The Wen and Han nationality hospitalized patients have stereotying of nursing occupational gender, and society and hospital should conduct the male nurse propaganda increasingly in order to kick out the stereotying of nursing occupational gender.